In-text citations are miniature references that appear in the body of the paper so that readers will know what the Reference page is referring to, and to give proper attribution so that the writer does not commit plagiarism.
Paraphrasing: When you express the ideas of a researcher or author using your own words. For more tips on paraphrasing check out The OWL at Purdue.
(Author Last Name, Year).
Direct Quote Copying and pasting an author's work directly. Use sparingly!
(Author Last Name, Year, page number).
References: References should be on a separate sheet, titled References, at the end of your paper.
Author Last Name, First Initial. Second Initial. (Year). Book title: Subtitle. Publisher.
In-Text Citations:
General Format:
If paraphrasing (writing in own words): Author(s) (Year).
If quoting directly, add the page numbers: Author(s) (Year) "quote" (page(s))
Examples:
Paraphrasing:
Smith (2020) states "More students like Times New Roman than Comic Sans".
Direct Quote:
According to Smith (2020) "In a comparison study by students at the University of Mars, 73% preferred Times New Roman versus 27% that chose Comic Sans instead" (pp. 200-205).
References:
General Format:
Last Name, First Initial, Middle Initial. (Year, Month Date). Title of book: Subtitle. Publisher.
Example:
Smith, Z. Q. (2019). Learning: The way our minds work. Puffin Books.
Notes:
One editor:
Rajishani, S. (Ed.). (2020). Treatments in Tuberculosis: What the future may hold. Fortis Press.
Multiple editors:
Maldonoto, S. D., Faraday, G. Q., & Validi, M. C. (Eds.). (2017). Happenstance: The makings of mystery. Subliminal Publishing.
Additional Sources of Information: