LibGuides: Copyright Law: Section 107: Fair Use

Reproduction of any copyrighted material must fall within the limits set under the Fair Use guidelines. Fair Use allows for a portion of a work to be used without permission from the author for purposes of teaching, research, news reporting, scholarship, and/or criticism. According to Title 17 of the U.S. code, “Fair Use” is determined based on:

The purpose and character of the use, including whether such use is of a commercial nature or is for non-profit educational purposes.
The nature of the copyrighted work.
The amount and substantiality of the portion used in relation to the copyrighted work as a whole
The effect of the use upon the potential market for or value of the copyrighted work. The fact that a work is unpublished shall not itself bar a finding of fair use.

Guidelines for Fair Use

The portion of a work that is subject to fair use guidelines varies depending on the type or media. These limitations are as follows:

Media Type	Portion Covered under Fair Use
Video	10% or 3 minutes, whichever is shorter
Print	10% or 1000 words, whichever is shorter* *This does not allow for the copying of an entire chapter of a work if it falls within these guidelines
Music	10% or 30 seconds, whichever is shorter
Illustrations, Photos, And Graphics	5 images from on artist/photographer, or 10% or 15 images from a published work, whichever is shorter
Databases	10% or 2500 fields, whichever is shorter

Copying of consumable materials is never permitted. Examples of consumable materials are workbooks, tests, answer sheets.

Copying and distribution of copyrighted multimedia (CD-ROMs, DVDs, and VHS) is never permitted.